Current Science

R. P. Singh ¹, Somya S. Sarkar ¹, Manoj Kumar ¹, Anish Saxena ¹, U. S. H. Rao ¹, Arun Bhardwaj ¹, Jalshri Desai ¹, Jitendra Sharma ¹, Amul Patel ¹, Yogesh Shinde ¹, Hemant Arora ¹, A. R. Srinivas ¹, Jaya Rathi ¹, Hitesh Patel ¹, Meenakshi Sarkar ¹, Arpita Gajaria ¹, S. Manthira Moorthi ¹, Mehul R. Pandya ¹, Ashwin Gujrati ¹, Prakash Chauhan ¹, Kuriakose A. Saji ¹, D. R. M. Samudraiah ¹, A. S. Kiran Kumar ²

Affiliations
1 Space Applications Centre, Indian Space Research Organisation, Ahmedabad 380 058, IN
2 Indian Space Research Organisation, Bengaluru 560 231, IN

Abstract

Thermal Infrared Imaging Spectrometer (TIS), which operates in the infrared spectral region (7-13 μm), is one of the five instruments on-board the Mars Orbiting Mission (MOM). TIS was designed to detect emitted thermal infrared radiation from the Martian environment, which would enable the estimation of ground temperature of the surface of Mars and also map its surface composition. TIS instrument is a grating-based spectrometer which has spatial resolution of 258 m at periapsis (372 km). TIS hardware was realized with light-weight miniaturized components (total weight 3.2 kg) with power requirement of 6 W. Observations from TIS instrument were carried out during Earth-bound manoeuvres and cruise phase operations of MOM and the results were found to be in agreement with the laboratory measurements.

Keywords

Aerosol Optical Thickness, Mars Orbiter, Minerals Detection, Thermal Infrared Spectroscopy.

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Subimal Ghosh ¹, Subhankar Karmakar ², Anamitra Saha ¹, Mohit Prakash Mohanty ³, Shees Ali ¹, Satya Kiran Raju ⁴, Vrinda Krishnakumar ¹, Maneesha Sebastian ¹, Manasa Ranjan Behera ¹, R. Ashrit ⁵, P. L. N. Murty ⁶, K. Srinivas ⁶, B. Narasimhan ⁷, Tune Usha ⁴, M. V. Ramana Murthy ⁴, P. Thiruvengadam ¹, J. Indu ¹, D. Thirumalaivasan ⁸, John P. George ⁵, S. Gedam ⁹, A. B. Inamdar ⁹, B. S. Murty ⁷, P. P. Mujumdar ¹⁰, M. Mohapatra ¹¹, Arun Bhardwaj ¹², Swati Basu ¹², Shailesh Nayak ¹³

Affiliations
1 Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai 400 076, IN
2 Interdisciplinary Program in Climate Studies, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai 400 076, IN
3 Environmental Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai 400 076, IN
4 National Centre for Coastal Research, NIOT Campus, Velacherry–Tambaram Main Road, Pallikaranai, Chennai 600 100, IN
5 National Centre for Medium Range Weather Forecasting, Ministry of Earth Sciences, Government of India, A-50, Sector-62, Noida 201 309, IN
6 Indian National Centre for Ocean Information Services, Pragathi Nagar (BO), Nizampet (SO), Hyderabad 500 090, IN
7 Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600 036, IN
8 Institute of Remote Sensing, Anna University, Chennai 600 040, IN
9 Centre of Studies in Resources Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai 400 076, IN
10 Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru 560 012, IN
11 India Meteorological Department, New Delhi 110 003, IN
12 Office of the Principal Scientific Adviser to the Government of India, Vigyan Bhavan Annexe, Maulana Azad Road, New Delhi 110 011, IN
13 National Institute of Advanced Studies, Indian Institute of Science Campus, Bengaluru 560 012, IN

Abstract

Floods are the most common and recurring natural hazards faced by humans since time immemorial. They pose a severe threat to the population, environment and economy in many places across the world, especially urban areas. Urbanization caused due to increasing migration into the floodplains has substantially increased the trend of devastation due to floods in a developing country like India. In Chennai and the surrounding suburban areas, torrential rainfall associated with low-pressure systems engulfed the city during December 2015, affecting more than 4 million people along with economic damages that cost around 3 billion USD.

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